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Guides on AI and software

Notes on AI, automation and software development for businesses, drawn from client projects and the products we run ourselves.

Deep Dives10 min read

Self-Hosting an LLM: When Does It Actually Pay Off?

Open-weight models have almost caught up with the closed ones, so running your own must be the obvious move by now. It sounds so reasonable that few people check it. What happens when you actually run the numbers?They come out badly for most companies. Against frontier APIs, self-hosting starts w...

Deep Dives12 min read

How to Prevent LLM Hallucinations in Production

Models invent answers because guessing is rewarded, not because they are broken. What that has cost real companies, and the layers production systems use to contain it.

Deep Dives11 min read

RAG vs Fine-Tuning vs Prompting: Which One, When?

Fine-tuning changes how a model behaves; RAG changes what it knows. Which problem needs which method, what each one costs, and which survives a deletion request? A three-question decision tree.

Deep Dives8 min read

AI Agents in Practice: A Real Setup Story

Beyond the AI agent definitions: a real invoice-processing setup, honest cost ranges, the tools people actually use, and why most agent projects fail.